Roman Numerals Chart

What is a Roman numerals chart from 1 to 100?

A Roman numerals chart from 1 to 100 lists each whole number beside its Roman form, from I for 1 to C for 100. The first ten are I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX and X. The table shows all 100, ten per row, built by the same code that draws the printable chart.

Read a cell as the row number plus the column head: row 40 and column +7 is 47, written XLVII. The longest numeral from 1 to 100 is LXXXVIII (88), with 8 letters.

What do the Roman numeral letters mean?

Seven letters carry every value: I is 1, V is 5, X is 10, L is 50, C is 100, D is 500 and M is 1,000. A numeral is the sum of its letters, read from left to right, except where a smaller letter stands in front of a larger one and is subtracted.

What are the rules for writing Roman numerals?

Write letters from largest to smallest and add them. Never put more than three of I, X, C or M in a row, and never repeat V, L or D. To subtract, place I, X or C before one of the next two larger letters. Only six pairs are standard.

These are the modern conventions. Wikipedia points out that Roman numerals never had one official standard, and that older inscriptions mix forms. Schools and tests use the rules above.

The lookup below checks any numeral against these rules and names the rule it breaks. These examples come from the same checker:

What is 2026 in Roman numerals?

The year 2026 is MMXXVI in Roman numerals. Split the number by place: 2,000 is MM, 20 is XX and 6 is VI, then join them from largest to smallest. The previous year, 2025, is MMXXV, and the next, 2027, is MMXXVII.

The same split works for any number. For 1,994: 1,000 is M, 900 is CM, 90 is XC and 4 is IV, which gives MCMXCIV. For 3,999, the largest standard number, it gives MMMCMXCIX.

What are the Roman numerals from 1 to 1000?

Beyond 100 the pattern repeats with bigger letters: 100 is C, 200 is CC, 300 is CCC, 400 is CD, 500 is D, 600 is DC, 700 is DCC, 800 is DCCC, 900 is CM and 1,000 is M. Tens work the same way, with X, XX, XXX, XL, L, LX, LXX, LXXX and XC.

Thousands continue the pattern: 1,000 is M, 2,000 is MM, 3,000 is MMM, 3,999 is MMMCMXCIX. The longest standard numeral is MMMDCCCLXXXVIII for 3,888, with 15 letters. Pick "10 to 1,000 by tens" or "100 to 3,900 by hundreds" in the chart maker to print these as a sheet.

How do you write 4,000 and larger numbers in Roman numerals?

Standard numerals stop at 3,999 because a letter may repeat only three times. For 4,000 and above, a bar over a letter, called a vinculum, multiplies it by 1,000. So IV with a bar is 4,000 and V with a bar is 5,000. Letters without a bar keep their normal value.

Most keyboards cannot type a bar, so the lookup below also reads parentheses: (IV)DCC means 4,700. The overline form is supported up to 3,999,999.

Why do clocks use IIII instead of IV?

Roman numeral clock faces very often write four o'clock as IIII and nine o'clock as IX, a habit that goes back at least to the Wells Cathedral clock of the late 14th century. It is a custom, and it is not universal: the clock in Elizabeth Tower at Westminster uses IV for four.

Wikipedia notes that additive forms such as IIII were common in older writing, and that the Colosseum gates use IIII with subtractive notation elsewhere, so gate 44 reads XLIIII. If a school worksheet or a test asks for the standard form, write IV.

Where are Roman numerals still used today?

Roman numerals still appear on clock faces, in copyright years on films and television programs, in the names of Super Bowl games, in outlines and legal codes, in book front matter and chapter numbers, and in sequels such as Rocky II. The chart helps you read and write all of them.

• Super Bowl numbers: the 2026 game is Super Bowl LX, which is LX for 60. Super Bowl 50 was a one-time exception that used Arabic digits.
• Copyright years: a film made in 1999 shows MCMXCIX, and one made in 2024 shows MMXXIV.
• Outlines and legal codes: main headings run I, II, III, IV, with A, B, C beneath them.
• Clock faces: hours 1 to 12 run I to XII.

How do I print a Roman numerals chart?

Pick a range, set the number of columns, choose Letter or A4 and a color, then press Download PDF. The PDF is vector with real text, so it stays sharp at any size. Print at 100 percent. Download PNG saves the page shown as a 300 dpi picture.

1. Choose a range: 1 to 50, 1 to 100, 1 to 500, tens, hundreds, years 1900 to 2100, or your own from, to and step.
2. Set the columns and the paper size. The preview shows the page and the text size.
3. Switch the title, the letter values line and the row shading on or off, and pick a color.
4. Press Download PDF for printing or Download PNG for a picture of the page shown.